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Welcome to Hyderabadis.info - Your Authentic & Reliable Resource on Hyderabad and Hyderabadis
Pilots skipped mandatory test
Top Stories
Thursday, 03 September 2009

As a result, the Emergency Locator Transmitter on YSR's chopper didn't send any signals, making ISRO's task that much more difficult

ISRO's attempts to locate Y S Rajasekhara Reddy's chopper that went missing yesterday could prove futile since its Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) was not tested before take-off, as required by the DGCA.

A check by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) revealed that the pilots had not conducted the mandatory signal test of the ELT a device that sets off satellite signals from a chopper and based on which searches are done. As a result, it failed to emit any signals.

The working of an ELT: The image above is from the Coastal Rescue Operations System (CORS) and clearly shows how the system works


According to DGCA officials in Hyderabad, such a test transmission would have been promptly recorded by the Hyderabad Air Traffic Control and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). But the fact that it was not raises several questions.

Air vice-marshal (retired) K Sridharan, a helicopter expert and president of the Rotary Wing Society of India who is keenly following the case of the Andhra Pradesh chief minister's missing chopper, said, "Had this test been conducted, we would have known the chopper's location." 

All the time

Sridharan added that it was common knowledge that regular maintenance of such important equipment and a prior test before flying were generally given a miss.

He said ISRO had deployed an aircraft fitted with a high-resolution camera and the recently-launched RISAT – 2 (Radar Imaging Reconnaissance Satellite) to help in the search.

What is an emergency locator transmitter (ELT)?
The Emergency Locator Transmitter is a generic term for an equipment which broadcasts distinctive signals on designated frequencies and, depending on application, may be automatically activated by impact or be manually activated. There are different types of ELT:

Automatic fixed ELT [ELT (AF)]:
It is automatically activated and permanently attached to an aircraft. (YSR's chopper)

Automatic portable ELT [ELT(AP)]:
This is automatically activated and rigidly attached to an aircraft but can be removed.

Automatic deployable ELT [ELT(AD)]:
It is rigidly attached to an aircraft, is automatically deployed and activated by impact and, in some cases, also by hydrostatic sensors. Manual deployment is also provided.

Not the first!
A Bell 430 helicopter of Ran Air Pvt Ltd went missing during a flight from Hyderabad to Jagdalpur on 3 August 2008. It took off from Hyderabad at 2.58 pm under VFR Flight Plan and was last seen over Basaguda.
REASONS: Still unknown as the ELT did not go off

Timeline

CM missing in action
08.38 AM:
A twin-engine Bell 430 Andhra Pradesh Government helicopter carrying the Chief Minister takes off from the old Begumpet airport (Hyderabad) for Chitoor district. The CM was accompanied by Principal Secretary S Subramanyam, and Chief Security Officer A S C Wesley.
09:13 AM: The helicopter, flown by two pilots, loses contact with ATC Hyderabad while possibly flying over the Nallamala forest area, a naxalite stronghold. The helicopter had fuel for a maximum endurance of 2 hours 45 minutes. The helicopter was to change over the contact to Chennai airport, however, it lost contact from both places.
10 to 11 AM: The Prime Minister's Office, the Union Home Ministry, the Defence Ministry and Civil Aviation Ministry are alerted.
12 to 1 PM: Four helicopters, including three belonging to the Indian Air Force, launch search operations, but no contact is established because of strong winds and inclement weather. Home Minister P Chidambaram starts monitoring the situation.
2 to 3 PM: An unmanned aerial vehicle with reconnaissance cameras from the defence ministry is pressed into service. PM Manmohan Singh and Sonia Gandhi express their concern over the incident. Law Minister Veerappa Moiley sent to Hyderabad.
4 to 5 PM: The Andhra Pradesh Finance Minister, K Rosaiah, at a press conference says there is no word on the Chief Minister. Andhra Pradesh Greyhound Force, a special force to fight naxals in the state, starts search operation. The Andhra government approaches US authorities for help to locate the missing chopper. 
6 to 7 pm: Search operation called off due to bad light. Sonia Gandhi speaks to family of Andhra CM. 500 CRPF personnel from a local unit comb the area. Two Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft pressed into search operation with IL-78 mid air refueller.
Latest: National Security Advisor, M K Narayan ruled out the possibility of naxals hitting the chopper.

Compiled by Anshuman G Dutta and Surender Sharma

Political leaders who died in air crashes


Sanjay Gandhi was killed when the glider he was flying crashed at the Safdarjung airport in Delhi some 29 years back.

Madhavrao Scindia was killed in a plane crash on Sept 30, 2001, when he was travelling to Kanpur to address a Congress rally.

Lok Sabha Speaker G M C Balayogi died in a chopper crash on March 3, 2002 in West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh.

Haryana ministers O P Jindal and Surendra Singh were killed in a helicopter crash a few years back.

 

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Advertisement
Last message: 'We are climbing 550...'
Top Stories
Thursday, 03 September 2009

CHENNAI: "Victor Tango Alpha Pappa Golf calling Chennai radio. We are from Hyderabad heading for Chittoor. Departed Begumpet at. We are climbing 550 (5,500 ft). Expected time of arrival at Chittoor."

"Roger."

That was the last radio communication between the pilot of the fateful helicopter carrying Andhra Pradesh chief minister Y S Rajashekhar Reddy and the Flight Information Region (FIR) in Chennai. That was around 9.10 am. After a few minutes, the pilot radioed the Hyderabad control that he would be in contact with Chennai, following which Hyderabad handed over the control to the Chennai FIR.

"We haven't heard anything from the chopper after that," an air traffic official privy to the last communication told TOI, explaining the fire-fighting that followed. According to protocol, if no communication is received from an aircraft 30 minutes after its control is handed over to an FIR, the centre goes about plotting three phases: Uncertainty phase, alert phase and distress phase, each at an interval of 30 minutes.

Hearing nothing from the chopper, which was to communicate using a high frequency radio (HF), Chennai FIR kept switching between two HF radios, 6655 KHz and 8909 KHz. "Chennai radio calling Victor Tango Alpha Pappa Golf. Are you reading?" No reply. FIR then tuned into the very high frequency (VHF) band of 123.4 MHz, usually used for communication between pilots.

"We wanted to see if the pilot lost our frequency and was trying some other pilot. When there was still no reply, we tried the universal emergency frequency 121.5 MHz, to which any pilot in an emergency situation is expected to tune in. That too drew a blank," the source said.

FIR then initiated the 'uncertainty phase' and sent out signals to all air traffic control stations and airports in the vicinity such as Tirupati, Mangalore, Visakhapatnam, Bangalore and Hyderabad about the missing chopper.

The 'alert phase' started around 10.40 am and all the stations were called up to inquire about any signals they received. The air traffic management and Airports Authority of India top brass were then informed before going into the 'distress phase'. Subsequently, the regional coordination centre attached to the FIR took over the case. 

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Was chopper fit to fly?
Top Stories
Thursday, 03 September 2009

HYDERABAD | NEW DELHI: The airworthiness of the missing Bell 430 helicopter in which YS Rajasekhara Reddy was flying has come under lens amid


reports it had a troubled past. However, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) said there was nothing to suggest it was unfit for flying. The DGCA, the civil aviation regulator which also provides licenses to aircraft and their operators, said the required licenses of the chopper were renewed on a regular basis.

Officials of the Bell company, said flight engineers have to sign documents on a daily basis after carrying out required maintenance. However, this particular aircraft was experiencing technical trouble on a regular basis and, therefore, was currently being used to train pilots, sources in the CM’s office said in Hyderabad.

A few months ago, the helicopter had suffered a fault mid-air when it was carrying Tibetan spiritual leader Dalai Lama from Hyderabad to Gulbarga, they said, but nothing untoward happened. The sources said often it was “wrong handling and non-compliance” of set procedures that led to the problems and noted that the Bell-430 seven-seater had recently got a crack on its windshield.

Subsequently, the crack was replaced during the routine maintenance of the Bell-430, the sources, on conditions of anonymity, said. There were a couple of occasions when wrong coordinates were fed into the helicopter’s system because of which the aircraft, carrying the VIP, had to hover in air in search of the helipad for making a safe landing, they said.

The Bell-430 is equipped with at least two radio systems, weather radar and emergency locator transmitter, among other sophisticated equipment, and is certified for day and night operations.

 

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Bell-430 was dusted off from hangar
Top Stories
Thursday, 03 September 2009

HYDERABAD: The Bell-430 helicopter, which Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Y.S. Rajasekhara Reddy took to fly to Chittoor district on Wednesday, was virtually dusted off from a hangar at the Begumpet airport here.

It was exactly one year ago that the State government acquired a brand new AgustaWestland AW-139 helicopter from the company’s main facility in Italy for Rs. 58 crore. But, Dr. Reddy had no option other than using the Bell-430 as the AgustaWestland helicopter was recently sent for overhaul after having been in operation for one full year.

The Bell-430, purchased from the U.S. for Rs. 26 crore, was found inadequate as it lacked night-landing facility and often required repairs and overhaul. On Wednesday, it was flown by a new pilot in place of the Chief Minister’s regular pilot who was drawn from the Indian Air Force.

The Bell helicopter was transferred to the A.P. Aviation Corporation, constituted recently to undertake commercial operations of helicopters, and ever since it had been confined to the hangar.

The AgustaWestland was brought to New Delhi first by a Russian aircraft in August last year and flown to Hyderabad on September 15 after trials.

A team headed by Finance Minister K. Rosaiah, which was monitoring the search of the missing Bell-430 and rescue operations, said AgustaWestland was a sturdy aircraft as it had two engines.

 

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Oath-taking 'muhurtham' blamed for CM's travails
Top Stories
Thursday, 03 September 2009

HYDERABAD/VIZAG: Has it got anything to do with bad muhurtham? Astrologers believe that Y S Rajasekhara Reddy is facing many hurdles in his second term as CM since his swearing-in was conducted at an inauspicious time.

"If one wishes to take up a particular work, one selects a perfect muhurtham. But the 'muhurtham' in which YSR took the oath was not favourable to him. It was fixed after the sunset at 6.32 pm," astrologer Nittala Kameswara Bapurao said.

"In Jyotish Shastra, sun is the single most significant factor for administration, ruling and holding power. But his managers simply neglected the importance of sun and fixed the muhurtham in a weak lagnam — Scorpio," he added. When he began his first term in 2004, YSR had taken the oath in the morning.

Rao said he and Swamy Swaroopa Nandendra had suggested a muhurtham after 12 noon. "That is a Leo lagna, which is a strong lagna for administration. But they changed their mind and fixed it after sunset on public demand," he said. Sources said the CM's campaign managers and political leaders had said they couldn't bring the huge crowd in the morning or afternoon and hence insisted for an evening function.

Another astrologer, requesting anonymity, said there are different planets for different occasions. Pandits fix the marriage muhurtam in strong period of Venus because Venus is the significant contributor for marriages. "Likewise, Jupiter is strong for education. That's why upanayana muhurtham is fixed in Jupiter period and Mars for wars," he elaborated.

The astrologers also said because of the planetary movements, YSR's problems in the second term have been surmounted. 

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